摘要:随着城市建设的迅速发展和居民生活水平的不断提高,城市的供水能力得到了相应的发展,特别是占给水系统投资55~65%的给水管网,越来越显示出巨大的作用,给水管道在城市的给水系统和建筑给水中承担着从配水厂到用户之间的输配水作用。因此,要求给水管道不但能满足人们所需要的水量和水压,而且还要保证所输配水的水质。目前我们大多数的供水企业把提高水质的大量工作用于净水厂的净化处理工艺上,忽略了给水管网产生的二次污染问题,自来水二次污染的产生有一段时间过程,所以往往没有引起人们的注意。但是给水管网,特别是铸铁管、冷镀锌钢管一旦发生二次污染将给我们带来更大危害,并且带来治理上更多的投资和麻烦。本文就居住区供水水质二次污染的产生及防治,提出看法,与大家讨论、研究。
关键词:饮用水 水质 二次污染
Indemnification of the Quality of Water Supply in Residential Areas
tract: With the rapid development of urban construction and the improvement of living level of the residents,the capabilities of water supply of a city have developed accordingly,especially the water supply pipe nets ,in which the investment occupies 55 to 65 percent of that of water supply systems,are showing great role.In water supply systems and water supply of buildings,water supply pipelines are responsible for transportation and distribution of water between treatment plants and consumes.So it is required that water supply pipelines should not only meet the amount and pressure of water that are needed,but also ensure the quality of water that is transported and diatributed.Now most of the water supply enterprises have paid much attention to the purification treatment process of the treatment plants,the secondary pollution of water supply pipe nets was ignored.It has a period of time that running water s secondary pollution happen,so usually was ignored.As soon as the secondary pollution happens to water supply pipe nets,especially soil pipes and cold zinc-plating steel tubes ,it will do us much harm and cost more in management.This paper presents some ideas on how the secondary pollution of the quality of water supply in residential areas has come into bening and how to prevent and treat it.
Keywords: drinking water, secondary pollution, water quality
1.自来水水质
城市自来水是城市的命脉,是每位居民每天必须的数量最大的食品,自来水的水质是关系到每家每户和子孙万代身体健康的大事、关系到部分产品质量、关系到整个社会环境,也是对外开放和吸引外资的重要条件。
衡量自来水水质的优劣和安全与否,国家颁布了“生活饮用水卫生标准”(GB5749―85),简称标准。这是国家考虑到广大群众饮水安全和我国具体情况所制定的。生活饮用水卫生标准是现行评价水质安全的法规性文件。在这个标准中包括感官指标、一般化学指标、毒理学指标、细菌学指标及放射性指标等五类35项内容,这些指标值(特别是毒理学指标)与国际饮用水标准一致或接近。
1.1 据世界卫生组织对其所制订的“饮用水水质准则”(以下简称准则)的解释是:符合“准则”的水就是安全饮用水。水质“标准”或“准则”中微生物学指标是非常重要的,它不合格,可能在同一时间内造成大面积人群发病或死亡,因此要求有很高的合格率,如管网水大肠杆菌的合格率要大于95%。毒理学指标因制订指标时留有相当大的余地,有的是考虑终身摄入而无觉察的健康风险;有的是考虑在此浓度下饮用70年每10万人中增加一个癌
